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  • 新民黨 與港清新力量合辦 「中共二十大會議」青年分享會

新民黨 與港清新力量合辦 「中共二十大會議」青年分享會

日期︰2022 年 10 月 30 日

「奮進新征程,建功新時代」,中共二十大上周勝利完成。新民黨與港清新力量,今天(29日)合辦「中共二十大會議」青年分享會,由行政會議召集人、立法會議員暨新民黨主席葉劉淑儀女士,及立法會議員暨新民黨常務副主席黎棟國先生主講。

分享會於下午二時三十分於灣仔光大中心舉行。開始前,由立法會議員暨新民黨副主席容海恩女士,及港清新力量主席張家成先生致辭。

容海恩女士感謝各位今天出席分享會,她稱二十大與各位市民息息相關及非常重要,國家透過馬克思主義,全面貫徹新時代中國特色社會主義思想,確立國家未來要走的道路,國家在各方面的發展取得驕人成績,增加人民的幸福感與獲得感。她又稱二十大明確指明2035年的戰略目標及未來五年的工作部署,為中國式的現代化提供新的思路,香港各界應深刻研習二十大精神,理解國家未來的發展道路。她認為香港應繼續堅持「一國兩制」,發揮獨有優勢,在粵港澳大灣區、一帶一路的發展戰略,融入國家發展大局,抓住機遇。在中國式現代化及百年新征程上,發揮香港的價值,令「一國兩制」行穩致遠,讓各位更好地推動香港發展,貢獻國家。

張家成先生也在分享會致辭,他分享港清新力量成立目標,是建立內地與香港青年在人才及社會資源的交流,擴闊青年的視野及世界觀。他感謝今天葉太與黎棟國常務副主席的分享。又稱時下青年非常幸運,能見證中華民族偉大復興。中國在全國生產總值大幅增加,成為全球第二大經濟體,加上核心技術如載人航天、生物醫療、超級計算機、衛星導航等的突破,配合香港背靠祖國的優勢,香港人在生活多方面得以保障。他希望年輕人肩負時代責任,為推進中華民族偉大復興及國家發展作出貢獻。

二十大報告的延續性與開創性

分享會開始,葉太感謝各位今天出席分享會。她稱二十大報告,是一份有延續性與開創性的報告,與十九大工作報告、國家主席七一回歸的重要講話要點,與共產黨修改的章程有重要的關係。

二十大報告總結及承接十年前習近平總書記推動有中國特色社會主義,開創新時代中國特色社會主義思想,十年後國家發展道路很穩固。二十大報告指出,中國共產黨領導下,開創馬克思主義中國時代,結合中國社會實際情況,也發揚中國人優秀的文化傳統,讓馬克思主義真正在中國落地生根。她回顧建黨百年,建國七十三年,證明這套主義行得通,成功改變中國的面貌,讓國家富強,人民脫貧。

一國兩制受高度重視

另一點二十大的要點,是「一國兩制」的重要性,已修改的中國共產黨黨章有提到「一國兩制」的內容,顯示「一國兩制」前所未有受到重視,反映要愛國者治港,讓愛國者成統一戰線,也讓「一國兩制」全面準確堅定不移貫徹,也解釋「一國兩制」的初心,要遏止「台獨」思潮,完成祖國統一大業,提醒香港實行「一國兩制」的示範作用,用以和平統一台灣。

中國式民主 全過程人民民主

葉太也分析二十大報告,提出的中國民主理論,第六章節提到「發展全過程人民民主,保障人民當家作主」,回應了西方政客對中國制度的抹黑,刻意將民主與極權對立,將世界分化。她認為國家近年來小心發展及經營「全過程人民民主」,例如人大、中央或地方選舉,也有民主協商、民主決策,或修改黨章,過程中舉行數千會議,才作出修改,屬於民主管理與民主監督。

香港的示範角色

香港在國家的發展軌道中,葉太認為,除了融入國家發展大局外,香港的角色是通向世界的橋樑,國家將繼續支持香港發揮獨特優勢,香港未來要想如何為國家做更多服務,做幾方面的示範,包括二十大報告第七章節提到「堅持全面依法治國,推進法治中國建設」,香港應做良好示範,其落實憲法、基本法及普通法工作,應持續下去,在中國法制,與香港普通法互相適應及配合,作出偉大的法律嘗試。另外,香港是民主示範單位,香港在完善選舉制度後,示範有序政治參與,良好政治成效,示範優質民主。

葉太又認為總書記提醒的「四個自信」,其中的「文化自信」,香港在文化方面也示範中西文化交匯中心,吸引國際性的樂團來港表演,也有文化界的世界盛事,讓香港發揮文化特色。

而香港在維護國安不遺餘力,成功落實《港區國安法》,葉太認為香港需要對外說好中國故事,要讓人接受,建立可敬、可愛、可信的形象,也要擴大朋友圈,除了固有朋友圈,也要建立中東、東南亞及西方國家的朋友,對香港有公平的看法,對外宣揚香港的真實情況。

青年與教育

最後,葉太總結非常欣賞習近平總書記對社會未來的看法,包括在其講話或修改的黨章,重視未來教育科教興旺,香港也應發展科技路,在國家支持下,科技發展氛圍非常好,又有國家載荷科技發展機會。在教育方面,也要辦好人民滿意的教育,了解香港教育的目標,及如何達到這個目標。

黎棟國常務副主席補充,二十大報告提及「青年強,則國家強」的一段,顯示總書記重視青年人。

香港發揮本身作用 實踐民族偉大復興

黎常務副主席又指出總書記講話點明共產黨立志中華民族千秋偉業,人類和平發展的崇高使命,責任無比重大,使命無比光榮,引述總書記提到「三個務必」:「務必不忘初心、牢記使命,務必謙虛謹慎、艱苦奮鬥,務必敢於鬥爭、善於鬥爭」,回顧國家面對新冠疫情,堅持動態清零政策不動搖,保護人民生命。

他也從二十大報告指出需要特別留意「中國式現代化」,在報告中的第三章節有加以解釋,以及報告提及的八大目標,涉及國力、生產總值、科技自強、法治、教育科技、體育、軟實力等方面。他又分析在總書記在二十大閉幕時發表的講話中,提及「新征程上,我們要始終弘揚全人類共同價值。當今世界面臨前所未有的挑戰。我們歷來主張,人類的前途命運應該由世界各國人民來把握和決定。只要共行天下大道,各國就能夠和睦相處、合作共贏,攜手創造世界的美好未來。」

「我們將同各國人民一道,弘揚和平、發展、公平、正義、民主、自由的全人類共同價值,維護世界和平、促進世界發展,持續推動構建人類命運共同體。」他特別指出總書記稱「中國開放大門 只會愈來愈大,中國發展離不開世界,世界發展也需要中國。」顯示各國關係相依,環環相扣。他認為全球地緣局勢緊張,中國被西方國家圍堵,保持克制甚為不易,中國堅持走自己道路,為維持世界和平盡力。

分享環節交流熱烈

座談會的分享環節,有多位出席人士先後提問,分別關注香港的優勢發展及民族自豪感來源;政府管治及問責制度;與青年人發展等。交流氣氛融洽,發問熱烈。

葉太回應,香港的文化發展有硬件優勢,例如故宮博物館及西九文化中心等文化設施相繼落成,加上施政報告公布未來會陸逐有博物館落成,顯示香港在中西貿易扮演的重要角色。而軟件方面,則有演出人員,有國際水平的表演,加上粵語文化,內地有一定觀眾,估計加上政府的協助,香港文化界進入大灣區發展,前途將一片光榮。

有關政府管治及問責制度,葉太及黎常務副主席認為施政報告已提出公務員改革,增加賞罰及國情訓練。現行公務員制度實施已久,考評報告程序繁複,急速改革比較困難。因此,改革公務員制度要有新想法,要朝著增加工作的積極性去做。

今天出席分享會的嘉賓包括新民黨主席葉劉淑儀女士、新民黨常務副主席黎棟國主席、新民黨副主席容海恩女士、新民黨副主席潘國山先生、新民黨副主席韓世灝先生、新民黨執委陳家珮女士、新民黨中委李梓敬先生、港清新力量主席張家成先生、港清新力量常務副主席楊俊峰先生、港清新力量常務副主席梁如海先生、新民黨與港清新力量成員約一百五十人出席。

資深政客的「特異功能」/ The "Special Abilities" of Senior Politicians  
  文章  
前文提及,美國政壇高齡化的情况變得愈發普遍。新聞網站「對話」(The Conversation)的一篇文章認為,造成此現象的其中一個原因是由於醫學進步,令老年人較以往健康,得以延遲退休。同時,文章進一步指出,認知和心理上的原因亦是導致這些資深政壇老將至今仍然活躍於政治舞台上的重要因素。 作者認為,在心理層面上促使這些政客繼續工作的動機,在於他們「不服老」的態度和缺少其他興趣所致。年長人士總希望證明能夠自主自立,不許依靠他人。至於後者,文章則指出,這些政客由於長期都醉心於工作,缺乏私人時間去探索自己熱愛的興趣。這使得他們離開工作崗位後,由於無事可做,不知道該如何面對自己餘下的人生。 而在認知層面上,有相當部分的資深政客始終抱有一種自己無法被取代的優越感。上文提及,以曾兩度於記者面前失神的共和黨參議院少數黨領袖麥康奈爾為例,作為一個政壇的老油條,麥康奈爾對於自己在制定選舉策略和游說方面的能力十分自豪。著名新聞網站「政客」(Politico)的一篇文章就詳述了麥康奈爾如何成功煽動民主黨參議員曼欽退出明年的參議院選舉,並暗示可能參選明年的總統大選。間接幫助了共和黨在西弗吉尼亞州的選情,並「𠝹」去拜登的選票。 由於曼欽在民主黨內屬於較為溫和的「中間派」,在個別議題上能夠和共和黨達成共識,因此在民主黨內並不受待見。而且他所在的西弗吉尼亞州本身又是共和黨的票倉,自身的選情較為嚴峻。麥康奈爾看準這一點,成功說服曼欽退出選舉。由於現時民主黨以51 對49 票的微弱優勢控制着參議院,如該州共和黨候選人成功當選,將會加大共和黨奪回參議院控制權的可能性。麥康奈爾本人對此事作為重要政績引以為榮,認為自己在黨內的價值難以被取代。 上述的例子可謂印證了「薑還是老的辣」這句說話。或許當今美國政壇高齡化的原因,正是因為這些資深政客身上具備年輕政客所缺乏的謀略和目光。 As mentioned earlier, the aging of the American political arena has become increasingly prevalent. An article on the news website "The Conversation" suggests that one of the reasons for this phenomenon is the advancement of medical science, which allows older individuals to maintain better health and delay retirement. Additionally, the article points out that cognitive and psychological factors play a significant role in keeping these seasoned politicians active in the political stage. The author believes that the motivation for these politicians to continue working lies in their attitude of "refusing to grow old" and a lack of other interests. Older individuals often want to prove their ability to be self-sufficient and not rely on others. As for the latter, the article suggests that these politicians have been so immersed in their work for a long time that they lack personal time to explore their passions and hobbies. This leaves them unsure of how to face the remaining years of their lives once they leave their positions. On the cognitive level, a considerable number of senior politicians maintain a sense of superiority that they cannot be replaced. As mentioned earlier, an example is Senate Minority Leader McConnell, who had two instances of losing consciousness in front of reporters. As a seasoned political operator, McConnell takes great pride in his ability to formulate election strategies and engage in lobbying. An article on the well-known news website "Politico" details how McConnell successfully instigated Democratic Senator Manchin to withdraw from next year's Senate election and hinted at a possible presidential run. This indirectly helped the Republican Party in the election in West Virginia and "eroded" Biden's votes. Since Manchin is considered a more moderate "centrist" within the Democratic Party and can find common ground with Republicans on certain issues, he is not well-received within the Democratic Party. Moreover, West Virginia, where he is from, is a Republican stronghold, making his own electoral prospects more challenging. McConnell recognized this and successfully persuaded Manchin to withdraw from the election. With the current Democratic Party holding a slim majority of 51 to 49 in the Senate, if a Republican candidate wins in that state, it will increase the likelihood of Republicans regaining control of the Senate. McConnell himself takes pride in this achievement and believes that his value within the party is irreplaceable. The above example can be seen as evidence of the saying, "Old ginger is spicier." Perhaps the reason for the aging of the American political arena today is that these senior politicians possess the strategic thinking and vision that younger politicians lack.
美國政壇高齡化 / Aging in the American Political Arena  
  文章  
2024年逐步逼近,美國又將迎來新一輪選舉周期。除了四年一屆的美國總統大選外,眾議院全部435席位及參議院100席位中的34席亦將於2024年改選。 目前,共和、民主兩黨已有多位政客宣布參選,競逐總統寶座,包括爭取連任的現屆總統拜登、一直籌謀東山再起的前總統特朗普,還有前美國駐聯合國大使黑利(NikkiHaley),以及現任佛羅里達州州長德桑蒂斯(Ron DeSantis)等。 名單看來星光熠熠,但是美國公眾似乎更關注他們的高齡狀况,皆因拜登和特朗普已屆80及77歲古稀之齡,美國選民擔憂他們的身體狀態是否適合履行總統的繁重職務。 總統候選人的高齡化同時反映美國政壇高齡化日益嚴重。根據國際國會聯盟(Inter-ParliamentaryUnion)的統計,美國參議員的平均年齡為64歲,為世界第七高。同時,華府不少主要官員及政治領袖都由較年長的人士擔任,例如財長耶倫(77歲)、聯儲局主席鮑威爾(70歲)以及參議院共和黨領袖麥康奈爾(81歲),而83歲的眾議院前議長佩洛西早前亦宣布再次競逐連任眾議院議席;部分人士的健康情况似乎不大理想,拜登屢次跌倒受傷,又經常在公開場合說錯話,麥康奈爾更曾兩度於鏡頭前失神逾20秒及30秒。 另一方面,也有高齡議員堅持履行職務至生命最後一刻,例如剛於9月逝世的民主黨資深參議員DianneFeinstein,她在2月本因確診帶狀疱疹需要暫停職務,但她選擇告病假長達兩個月也不辭去參議員職位。 回顧當年,老布殊在1992年連任總統失敗後,便順勢退休,當時他68歲。為何來到今天,美國政壇會愈來愈高齡化? 新聞網站「對話」(The Conversation)11月6日便有文章拆解原因,主要是因為醫學進步,人類平均較以往長壽,很多長者都身心健康,加上累積了寶貴的人生及工作經驗,適合繼續處理日常工作,政壇也不例外。至於其他原因,下期詳述。 As 2024 approaches, the United States is gearing up for another election cycle. In addition to the quadrennial presidential election, all 435 seats in the House of Representatives and 34 seats in the Senate will also be up for election in 2024. Currently, several politicians from the Republican and Democratic parties have announced their candidacy for the presidential race. This includes the incumbent President Biden seeking re-election, former President Trump, who has been contemplating a comeback, as well as former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley and current Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, among others. While the list appears star-studded, the American public seems more concerned about the age of these candidates. Biden and Trump are already in their 80s and 77s, respectively, and voters worry about their physical condition and whether they are fit to handle the demanding duties of the presidency. The aging of presidential candidates reflects a broader trend of aging in the American political arena. According to the Inter-Parliamentary Union's statistics, the average age of U.S. senators is 64, ranking seventh highest in the world. Additionally, many of Washington's key officials and political leaders are older individuals. For example, Treasury Secretary Yellen (77), Federal Reserve Chairman Powell (70), and Senate Republican Leader McConnell (81) are all advanced in age. Former Speaker of the House Pelosi, who is 83 years old, has recently announced her intention to run for re-election to the House of Representatives. Some of these individuals' health conditions seem less than ideal, with Biden experiencing multiple falls and injuries and frequently making verbal gaffes in public. McConnell has also had two episodes of losing consciousness for over 20 seconds and 30 seconds on camera. On the other hand, there are also elderly lawmakers who insist on serving until their last moments. For example, Democratic Senator Dianne Feinstein, who passed away in September, initially took a leave of absence in February due to a shingles diagnosis but chose to remain in office for an additional two months while on sick leave. Looking back, former President George H.W. Bush retired at the age of 68 after losing his re-election bid in 1992. Why has the American political arena become increasingly dominated by older individuals today? An article published on the news website "The Conversation" on November 6 provides insights into the reasons behind this trend. One key factor is the advancement of medical science, which has led to increased life expectancy. Many seniors today are physically and mentally healthy, and they have accumulated valuable life and work experience, making them suitable for continuing their day-to-day duties, including in politics. The detailed discussion of other factors will be covered in the next installment.
中美學術界全面脫鈎(三)/ Decoupling Between Chinese and American Academic Circles (Part 3)  
  文章  
前文提到,美國政客為抑制中國科技行業的增長勢頭,不惜使出行政手段斷絕兩國之間的學術交流,慎防技術泄漏。美國司法部實施的「中國行動計劃」便是其中最具爭議性的「獵巫行動」。 「中國行動計劃」是由特朗普政府第一任司法部長塞申斯於2018年11月宣布開展的計劃,旨在找出並起訴所有潛伏在美國境內、與中國有聯繫的「科技間諜」。按照《經濟學人》文章的說法,計劃成效未如人意,約150名華裔學者因該計劃而受到司法部調查,在成功檢控的案例中,被告多是遭控告如欺騙科研經費等情節相對較輕的罪名,而非間諜罪。更多的情况是,司法部由於無法找到足夠的證據去證明嫌疑人有為中國從事任何間諜活動,最後要撤銷檢控並淪為大眾的笑柄。當中,司法部對麻省理工學院陳剛教授的調查行動可說是「中國行動計劃」的著名失敗案例。 陳剛教授是一位於美國取得博士學位的中國機械工程師。《紐約時報》一篇文章指出,FBI於2021年1月指控陳剛在提交科研撥款申請時涉嫌未披露與中國相關的聯繫,因而將他拘捕。後來,麻省理工力挺陳剛,FBI亦未能找到「實錘」證據提出檢控,司法部方才罷休。但是已對陳剛的名譽及工作造成打擊。 陳剛以外,有更多中國學者因遭受這計劃調查而失去工作,甚至被美國政府列入「禁飛名單」,無法透過航空交通前往、途經或飛離美國。 後來,因為計劃成效不彰,美國司法部終於在2022年2月宣布結束長達數年的「中國行動計劃」。 其實,中美雙方能在不同的科技領域形成互補,兩國的學術界若是全面脫鈎,相信對雙方都是有百害而無一利。亞利桑那大學於2020年發表了一份研究報告,由於與中國學者合著的論文不會納入計算,美國在科學及工程領域方面發表的論文數量分別在2014和2018年錄得輕微跌幅,可謂自食其果。因此,我認為中美兩國應本着平等互利的原則,放下成見,盡快恢復雙方學術界的交流合作。 In the previous articles, it was mentioned that American politicians, in an effort to curb the growth of China's technology industry, have used administrative measures to sever academic exchanges between the two countries, in order to prevent technology leaks. One of the most controversial actions implemented by the U.S. Department of Justice is the "China Initiative," which can be considered a "witch hunt" against Chinese scientists. The China Initiative was announced by former U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions in November 2018, with the aim of identifying and prosecuting all "technology spies" with connections to China who are operating in the United States. According to The Economist article, the initiative has been less effective than anticipated. Around 150 Chinese-American scholars have been investigated by the Department of Justice under this initiative. In the cases where successful prosecutions have occurred, the defendants have faced relatively minor charges such as fraudulently obtaining research funding, rather than espionage charges. In many cases, the Department of Justice has been unable to find sufficient evidence to prove that the suspects were engaged in any espionage activities for China, resulting in the charges being dropped and becoming a subject of ridicule. One notable failed case of the China Initiative is the investigation against Professor Gang Chen at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Professor Gang Chen is a Chinese mechanical engineer who obtained his doctoral degree in the United States. An article in The New York Times pointed out that the FBI arrested Professor Chen in January 2021, accusing him of failing to disclose his connections to China in his research funding applications. However, MIT supported Professor Chen, and the FBI failed to find substantial evidence for prosecution, leading to the case being dropped by the Department of Justice. Nevertheless, the incident has caused damage to Professor Chen's reputation and career. Apart from Professor Chen, many other Chinese scholars have lost their jobs and have even been included in the U.S. government's "no-fly list," preventing them from traveling to, transiting through, or leaving the United States by air, due to being investigated under the China Initiative. Eventually, due to the lack of significant results, the U.S. Department of Justice announced the end of the China Initiative in February 2022, after several years of implementation. In fact, if Chinese and American academic circles completely decouple, it would be detrimental to both sides, as they can complement each other in different technological fields. A research report published by the University of Arizona in 2020 showed that the number of scientific and engineering papers published by the United States experienced a slight decline between 2014 and 2018 because co-authored papers with Chinese scholars were not included in the calculations. It can be said that this approach has backfired. Therefore, I believe that China and the United States should adhere to the principles of equality and mutual benefit, set aside biases, and quickly restore academic exchanges and cooperation between the two sides.

關於葉劉淑儀

葉劉淑儀於1975年至2003年在香港政府服務,期間曾於多個不同範疇工作,包括在地區層面推行政府民主化、國際工貿及保安。她是首名獲委任出掌紀律部隊(入境事務處)的女性(1996-1998),亦是首名女性保安局局長(1998-2003)。
她於2008年參選立法會議員(香港島)成功當選,一直連任至今,並曾任行政會議非官守成員。現為新民黨及匯賢智庫主席、海上絲綢之路協會聯席主席。


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